The tessar is a famous photographic lens design conceived by the german physicist paul rudolph in 1902 while he worked at the zeiss optical company and patented by zeiss in germany. Jose sasian important basic lens forms petzval little stress cooke triplet. Design dates of the new zeiss lenses for view cameras start with a 105mm f3. Graphic cameras were made in 214x314, 314x414, 4x5, and 5x7 film sizes, either with speed or without a rear focal plane shutter century, crown, and super. Taylor triplet 1896 planar double gauss 1897 tessar 1902 dagor 1894 from the landscape lens to the planar lens summary variations in the landscape lens theme or the variations in the doublet lens theme. Derived from the older protar and unar designs, tessars simplicity and compactness has made it extremely popular to the point that it is commonly found in todays camera.
The carl zeiss teletessar t 300 mm f 4 cy is a telephoto prime lens with the multicoating for the 35 mm contax yashica cy slr cameras. Whether youve loved the book or not, if you give your honest and detailed thoughts then people will find new books that are right for them. A comprehensive guide to camera lens design and zeiss. Continuing the bestselling tradition of the authors previous books, lens design, fourth edition is still the most complete and reliable guide for detailed design information and procedures for. A practical guide to lens design focuses on the very detailed practical process of lens design. It adopts the mtf measurement system for video cameras and offers a.
Four aspherical elements combine with one ed glass element to bring you breathtaking rendering. Tessar 1902 only 4 elements in 3 groups make up the asymmetrical design. The types of optical systems in a lens designers toolbox. With practical zemax examples joseph geary, are all great books, just to name a few. I want the pdf and lens design examples for this guide, please send them to the. The 4x5 is often recommended as a starter large format camera and many are still in use today. As is the case with all czj tessar lenses, it produces a branded bokeh and pictures with warm and saturated colors. Since questions about docter optic lenses come up in this. Delving deep into the mechanics of lens design, optics legend warren j. In lens design with large computers, proceedings of the conference, institute of optics, government superintendent, rochester, new york. The tessar is a camera and projection lens designed by paul rudolph, working for the carl zeiss jena company, in 1902. The tessar rudolph 1901 was not developed as a triplet derivative, but rather as a.
Fredos full aperture, 5mm why are lenses so complex. Therefore, this book can be used with any lens design software. Optical system classification summer term 2012 herbert gross 1. In this book, rudolf kingslake traces the historical development of the various types of lenses from daguerres invention of photography in 1839 through lenses commonly used today. In june 1971, rollei transferred the production of the rollei 35 camera from germany to singapore. Although i have taken a great deal of effort to assure accuracy, the user of any of. Reviews, sample gallery, forum, technical data sheets. A zoom lens derivative of the sonnar, the variosonnar also exists, in which a number of lens groups are replaced with floating pairs of lens groups. But all of these software packages share one critical flaw.
The ultimate guide to lens design using the classic. The tessar is a famous photographic lens design conceived by the german physicist paul rudolph in 1902 while he worked at the zeiss optical company and. Unlike the first edition, which was more a collection of lens designs for use in larger projects, the 2nd edition of modern lens design is an optical howto. This is the camera that started the m42x1 lens thread. Ive very fond of this tiny lens, though one doesnt dare point it at a bright sky. Besides, automatic cocking can be easily switched off to use the lens on modern dslr cameras. In spite of that, a lot of lens design books and textbooks that i have read rely heavily on the derivations of mathematical equations, without actual lens design. Of course, possibly the smallest tessar design is the 50mm kmz industar 502 f3. Jan 11, 2011 different lens elements were processed in one single lens for the first time in 1902. Note that this compact reference is not a substitute for a. The word tessar is an acronym derived from the greek word tessares meaning four.
Lens elements werent coated back then, so for this 85mm as well as for their 50mm lenses they came up with a unique design where the seven elements were grouped as 3. Carl zeiss jena lenses are very popular high quality lenses, many of them provide highest picture quality. Find great deals on ebay for tessar m42 and praktica. Design and specifications of your camcorder and accessories are subject to change without notice. The computer program oslo was used to design the work, but the writeups are programneutral. Zeiss lens, which was developed jointly by carl zeiss in germany, and sony corporation, and produces superior images. This is because of the web and ebook format, where i feel it isnt quite as easy to go. The tessar lens was designed by paul rudolph, a highly talented scientist who worked with carl zeiss. More than 5 million lenses only the ones branded as tessar, till 2002.
Practical computeraided lens design by gregory hallock smith. From an early lens still being manufactured for use in lowcost cameras to designs made possible through such innovations as lens. Because the optical design process is historically and quite practically closely related to ray optics, this book is intended as a companion to the field guide to geometrical optics, in which firstorder optics, thin lenses, and basic optical systems are treated in more detail. Ross concentric schroeder lens 1890 protar 1890 cooke d. Most of them available in m42 mount this means they are compatible basically with all analog and digital 35mm slr camera systems including most popular ones such as canon, nikon, olympus. It is normally used as a standard lens, and versions of it have been fitted to many millions of cameras. It was originally a tradename owned by nettel camerawerke in sontheim am neckar for a 4. He never published a book or scientific papers of his lens design process and. Smith reveals timetested methods for designing topquality lenses. Modern lens design mcgrawhill professional engineering. They are the planar, the tessar, the biogon, the distagon, and the hologon click on these links to download the original pdf files. The high resolution of the classic 4 lens element design of the tessar was the first compact lens design. The book presented here has the title a course in lens design.
The first tessar appeared in 1902 and was designed by paul rudolph with an aperture of f6,3. Modern lens design, 2nd edition book oreilly media. Using the manual approach, select several likely flint glass candidates from. The 3x4s and 5x7s are somewhat rare and collectible, but what about the 2x3s. Introduction to lens design with practical zemax examples pdf.
It was notable for its relatively light weight, simple design and fast aperture the name sonnar is derived from the german word sonne, meaning sun. Note that even though m42 is frequently referred to as pentax screw mount, m42 is not the work of pentax. The lens is generally the most expensive and least understood part of any camera. Different lens elements were processed in one single lens for the first time in 1902. If the coverage is sufficient for your needs, than a tessar is a good choice. About the carl zeiss lens your camcorder is equipped with a carl zeiss lens, which was developed jointly by carl zeiss in germany, and sony corporation, and produces superior images. The design consists of four glass elements in three groups.
Design examples of several widely used modern lenses are provided. Field, aperture, pupil, magnification, infinity cases, lens makers formula. Etymologically, the word tessar is from the greek word tessares, meaning four, which denotes the number of elements in its design. The introductory course has evolved from material in the books lens design fundamentals by rudolf kingslake and the art and science of optical design by robert r.
A complete breakdown of the double gauss lens design and the sonnar lens. Tessar lens more degrees of freedom can be thought of as a reoptimization. Show off your favorite photos and videos to the world, securely and privately show content to your friends and family, or blog the photos and videos you take with a cameraphone. Large format lenses from veb carl zeiss jena 1945 lensclub. As you read above, zeiss developed the sonnar 85mm f2 lens for their contax rangefinder system in the 1930s. In the first edition of this book, all calculations for the fixed focal length designs were performed using david greys optical design and analysis programs. This makes it much more understandable that the successful result to what was often years of work required a name.
Tessar lens tolerancing a periscope design lenses for. These three books are also highly recommended for their discussions of many other top. He further made the last element a doublet, much like paul rudolphs tessar. This lens type has a variable focal length which can replace a series of lenses for a certain. Flickr is almost certainly the best online photo management and sharing application in the world. The tessar is a classic design that can deliver excellent image quality, but over a lesser angle than some more complex designs. The variosonnar is a carl zeiss photographic lens design named in relation to the zeiss sonnar. Lens elements werent coated back then, so for this 85mm as well as for their 50mm lenses they came up with a unique design. The integration of modern computer optimization with classical qualitative and quantitative analysis makes this book an essential part of any optical designers library, from. User to be considered major computing task books before 1980s. In this book the working fundamentals and lens design principles are.
For example, in the tessar chapter, i talk about how the lens design can. A history of the photographic lens rudolf kingslake. Mar 16, 2001 a fourelement lens can deliver excellent image quality, but over a lesser angle than a more complex design. Continuing the bestselling tradition of the authors previous books, lens design, fourth edition is still the most complete and reliable guide for detailed design information and procedures for a wide range of optical systems. Nasse wrote a series of technical papers for carl zeiss detailing their modern lens history and genealogy. Large format lenses from carl zeiss oberkochen 19501972.
Until august of 1974, the cameras were still equipped with a carl zeiss german made tessar 3,440mm lens, a construction with 4 elements. In spite of that, a lot of lens design books and textbooks that i have read rely. Lens design is, therefore, a strong component of a wellrounded education in optics, and a skill valued by industries employing optical engineers. The history of zeiss mirrors german history and all of its highs and lows. Since it was founded as a business in 1846, it has been transformed into a large, researchoriented enterprise that distributes a host of optical products across the world. For this there will be a significant amount of practical lens design homework. The zeiss sonnar is a photographic lens originally designed by dr. While primarily a bible for the lens designer, practical computeraided lens design by gregory hallock smith serves also as a handbook for the optical systems engineer and as a source of historical and useful information for the technically minded photographer and astronomer. Smith, and optical system design robert fischer, introduction to lens design.
Detailing design methods for a variety of lens forms, this book shows that fixed focus and zoom lenses can be optimized, starting from planeparallel surfaces, in a brief time on a modern fast pc compared to traditional tools that. The first modern slr appeared in east germany, the zeiss ikon contax s, around 1949. Automatic and quasiautonomous computational methods and techniques is the first book that interactively describes the newest modern lens design tools. Practical computeraided lens design finds that magical balance between technical depth and accessible discussion of the journey from concept to finished optical design. Cross section of the lens elements from the anastigmat 1. Every step from setup specifications to finalizing the design for production is discussed in a straight forward, tangible way. A smart shooter would be happy with either because. It is rare to find such widespread utility in a single technical book. Other readers will always be interested in your opinion of the books youve read.
Lens design fundamentals rudolf kingslake, applied optics and optical design part 1 and part 2 a. A fourelement lens can deliver excellent image quality, but over a lesser angle than a more complex design. The latest advances in optical design technology have made it possible to deliver prized carl zeiss contrast and clarity in a highperformance midrange zoom. Lens design opti 517 syllabus university of arizona. The zeiss production files indicate that lens design parameters were changed. Optics 517 the field developing a skill the theory the program. In his three part series, he discussed 5 lens designed that changed the world. The number value indicates the amount of light from a subject coming into the lens. Derived from the older protar and unar designs, tessar s simplicity and compactness has made it extremely popular to the point that it is commonly found in todays camera phones.
Outdoor lens solutions by zeiss zeiss urban protection, style and convenience throughout the year cosmetic solid tints for indoors 4 light tints for the city 5 light gradient tints for the city 6 double gradient tints for the city 7 fashion tints for a unique style 8. Tessar lens tolerancing a periscope design lenses for microlitography. Its not so easy to send light where it should go source. Schematic lens diagrams for the mikrotar line, based on refs. C and gte is the fastest and widest tessar type lens achieved so far by using lanthanum glass elements. World war i, the global financial crisis and world war ii were years of ups and downs. Modern lens design, second edition 2004 smith publications. Outdoor lens solutions by zeiss zeiss urban protection, style and convenience throughout the year cosmetic solid tints for indoors 4 light tints for the city 5 light gradient tints for the city 6 double gradient tints for the city 7 fashion tints for a unique style 8 inspiration for sunglasses and sunglass lenses 9.
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